VLAN: Can someone help arrange my devices (diagram)? Lost

[BCSteve]

Hi. I'm a bit lost with VLAN concepts. I'm trying to improve my VOIP and I'm also wanting to potentially segment my network down the road for better control over who has access to what... but right now I just want it wired up right and I'm confused.

This is what I have:

• a cable model (its also a wireless router, but that's been shut off so its just a modem)
• a cheap D-Link wireless router. The wifi is shut off at the moment, as its performance predictably sucks. I only bought this thing to troubleshoot problems I was having with my Asus (below) and it turned out to work better than the Asus so its my main router as of now.
• an Asus RT-n56u that I have zero faith in (buggy since day one). It was RMA'd three times but since replacing it with the D-Link I've had no mystery LAN drop-outs
• An Engenius ENS200EXT that I'm using for my WAP. I bought this for outdoor use, but upon testing it... it worked so well compared to the D-Link and Asus that I just left it indoors as my main WAP. It supports VLAN tagging, but at the moment I have no real use for that.
• A Netgear GS108E switch. I just got this hoping its VLAN capabilities would help me better segment my network to give the VOIP unfettered access to the Internet with highest priority.
• A PAP2T ATA (voip box)
• I also have a 2nd cheap GigE switch but I'm expecting it'll be redundant in all this

Conceptually, I'm not putting 2 and 2 together I imagine I have to go Modem -> Router -> Switch -> ATA | PC (etc), but then I'm not getting how that prioritizes anything at all. Isn't that still relying on the router's (pretty lame) QoS? I want to use the switch's QoS / VLAN. But if I go Model -> Switch -> Router... well, I don't think that works (right?). How's DHCP come into all this?

I'm sorry for the basic/stupid questions. Somehow I've got myself all turned around.

Do I need a different router that specifically supports VLAN itself?